1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the apparent opening size (AOS) of a geotextile either by dry-sieving glass beads through a geotextile (Method A) or by using a capillary porometer (Method B).

1.2 Method B will not be used in lieu of Method A unless the prequalification procedure specified in this standard is followed.

1.3 These test methods show the values in both SI units and inch-pound units. SI units is the technically correct name for the system of metric units known as the International System of Units. Inch-pound units is the technically correct name for the customary units used in the United States. The values in inch-pound units are provided for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This test method describes the measurement of abrasion resistance properties for manufactured fiber yarns in dry and wet conditions.

1.2 This test method applies to manufactured yarns used in rope making.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This specification covers engine coolant grade glycerine (1, 2, 3 Propanetriol, Glycerol).

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This test method is applicable for the analysis total nitrogen (organic nitrogen + ammonia-N + nitrate-N + nitrite-N) as nitrate and total phosphorus as orthophosphate in unfiltered water samples by alkaline persulfate digestion followed by ion chromatography (IC).

1.2 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) is determined by the calculation. To determine TKN subtract the nitrate-N and nitrite-N in a digested sample from a non-digested sample (see Section 4, Summary of Test Method).

1.3 The limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), and reporting range in Table 1 are based on the two-step process for this test method: digestion and analytical step. Because the digestion step requires a sample dilution, the LOD and LOQ are higher than undigested samples. The reporting range, LOD, and LOQ can be modified and perhaps improved depending on several factors (see Section 6, Interferences).

(A) Ten calibration levels, each injected in duplicate.

(B) LOD calculated as 3 × S/N.

(C) LOQ calculated as 10 × S/N.

(D)

where:
A	=	the average method blank concentration,
	=	the student's t-value for the single-tailed 99th percentile t statistic a standard deviation estimate with n - 1 degrees of freedom, and
Sb	=	the sample standard deviation of the replicate blank analyses.

(E) Phosphate LOD/LOQ was calculated based on a dilution factor of 15× relative to the system concentrations.

1.4 The method detection limits (MDL) are shown for reference. The digestion reagent contains background nitrate and results in higher detection limits. MDL will be shown after the interlaboratory study (ILS) is completed.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This practice covers the instrumental measurement requirements, calibration procedures, and material standards needed to obtain precise spectral data for computing the colors of objects.

1.2 This practice lists the parameters that must be specified when spectrometric measurements are required in specific methods, practices, or specifications.

1.3 Most sections of this practice apply to both spectrometers, which can produce spectral data as output, and spectrocolorimeters, which are similar in principle but can produce only colorimetric data as output. Exceptions to this applicability are noted.

1.4 This practice is limited in scope to spectrometers and spectrometric colorimeters that employ only a single monochromator. This practice is general as to the materials to be characterized for color.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This practice describes procedures for visible liquid penetrant examination utilizing the water-washable process. It is a nondestructive practice for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. This practice can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics, and certain nonporous plastics, and glass.

1.2 This practice also provides the following references:

1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest criteria for evaluation of the indications obtained. It should be noted, however, that after indications have been produced, they must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a separate code, specification, or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and orientation of indications considered acceptable, and those considered unacceptable.

1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded as standard. SI units given in parentheses are for information only.

1.5 Basis of Application-There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These areas are identified as follows:

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This practice is intended as an aid for improving the accuracy of colorimetric measurements made with tristimulus colorimeters on visual display units, such as cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and self-luminous flat-panel displays. It explains a useful step in the analysis of colorimetric data that takes advantage of the fact that light from such displays consists of an additive mixture of three primary colored lights. However, it is not a complete specification of how such measurements should be made.

1.2 This practice is limited to display devices and colorimetric instruments that meet linearity criteria as defined in the practice. It is not concerned with effects that might cause measurement bias such as temporal or geometric differences between the instrument being optimized and the instrument used for reference.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This guide contains a list of potential test methods for the analysis of Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) as designated by ECHA, the European Chemicals Agency. Information on the test methods cited is publicly available and is drawn from a variety of sources. The guide is intended to assist in the selection of test methods that are applicable for the SVHCs identified.

1.2 The specific SVHCs covered within this guide are compiled from the ECHA Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern. This list is also referred to as the REACH Candidate List.

1.3 This guide specifically addresses methods for the analysis of SVHCs in products. It is not intended to cover the many and varied analysis challenges associated in the manufacturing environment.

1.4 Limitations: 

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This guide covers reasonable practices for designing and implementing sensory tests that validate claims pertaining only to the sensory or perceptual attributes, or both, of a product. This guide was developed for use in the United States and must be adapted to the laws and regulations for advertisement claim substantiation for any other country. A claim is a statement about a product that highlights its advantages, sensory or perceptual attributes, or product changes or differences compared to other products in order to enhance its marketability. Attribute, performance, and hedonic claims, both comparative and non-comparative, are covered. This guide includes broad principles covering selecting and recruiting representative consumer samples, selecting and preparing products, constructing product rating forms, test execution, and statistical handling of data. The objective of this guide is to disseminate good sensory and consumer testing practices. Validation of claims should be made more defendable if the essence of this guide is followed.

1.1 This Practice is intended to assist an authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) or authorizing authority (AA), or both, in establishing minimum qualifications for candidates who desire to conduct inspections in compliance with Practices E2174 and E2393.

1.2 This Practice makes available a procedure for a candidate to provide evidence to the AHJ or AA, or both, of their specialized knowledge and technical competence related to the firestop industry.

1.3 This Practice determines the technical proficiency of a candidate based upon a minimum amount of education, experience, and knowledge possessed, which is needed to ensure competence to conduct inspections in compliance with Practices E2174 and E2393.

1.4 The purpose of this Practice is to allow the AHJ or AA, or both, to assess the ability of the candidate to comprehend and use inspection documents to conduct inspections in compliance with Practices E2174 and E2393.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

1.1 This specification defines the minimum requirements for agencies engaged in inspections and testing performance in accordance with ASTM standards for factory built building components and assemblies.

1.2 The criteria in this specification are provided for assessing the competence of an agency to properly perform designation testing, quality assurance, and inspection.

1.3 This specification does not cover Special Inspections or construction materials testing or inspection, or both. See Specification E329 for these items.

1.4 The criteria presented herein are divided into three categories of endeavor, namely,

Part A-Standards and Criteria for Testing Agencies

Part B-Standards and Criteria for Quality Assurance Agencies

Part C-Standards and Criteria for Evaluating Agencies

1.5 The fundamental purpose of this specification is to provide criteria for evaluating an agency as denoted in 1.4 either by a user of that service or by an accrediting authority.

1.6 It is not the purpose of this specification to provide a basis for determining the quality of a product or service being evaluated.

1.7 This specification is not intended for the evaluation of those activities normally associated with the production and sale of products and the like, such as a manufacturer's internal quality program. However, any organization may request or perform an evaluation of its own in-house facilities under this specification if it so desires.

1.8 It is not the intent of this specification to be the basis for the determination of the type of agency to be selected by the user.

1.9 This specification is used in conjunction with Specification E541 and Practice E651/E651M.

1.10 The use of SI or inch - pound units, or combination of, will be the responsibility of the technical committees referred to in this standard.

1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the energy consumption of refrigerated buffet and preparation tables. The food service operator can use this evaluation to select a refrigerated buffet and preparation table and understand its energy performance.

1.2 This test method is applicable to electric self-contained refrigerators used for holding and displaying refrigerated food in an open area.

1.3 The refrigerated buffet and preparation table can be evaluated with respect to the following (where applicable):

1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This specification prescribes minimum safety requirements for candle accessories to help ensure a reasonable degree of safety for normal use with candles, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries.

1.2 This specification is not intended to replace other safety practices such as adult supervision, close monitoring of product when in use, and fire detection, alarm, or suppression systems.

1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.1 This test method covers the determination of a reference temperature, T_o, which characterizes the fracture toughness of ferritic steels that experience onset of cleavage cracking at elastic, or elastic-plastic K_Jc instabilities, or both. The specific types of ferritic steels (3.2.1) covered are those with yield strengths ranging from 275 to 825 MPa (40 to 120 ksi) and weld metals, after stress-relief annealing, that have 10 % or less strength mismatch relative to that of the base metal.

1.2 The specimens covered are fatigue precracked single-edge notched bend bars, SE(B), and standard or disk-shaped compact tension specimens, C(T) or DC(T). A range of specimen sizes with proportional dimensions is recommended. The dimension on which the proportionality is based is specimen thickness.

1.3 Median K_Jc values tend to vary with the specimen type at a given test temperature, presumably due to constraint differences among the allowable test specimens in 1.2. The degree of K_Jc variability among specimen types is analytically predicted to be a function of the material flow properties (1)2 and decreases with increasing strain hardening capacity for a given yield strength material. This K_Jc dependency ultimately leads to discrepancies in calculated T_o values as a function of specimen type for the same material. T_o values obtained from C(T) specimens are expected to be higher than T_o values obtained from SE(B) specimens. Best estimate comparisons of several materials indicate that the average difference between C(T) and SE(B)-derived T_o values is approximately 10°C (2). C(T) and SE(B) T_o differences up to 15°C have also been recorded (3). However, comparisons of individual, small datasets may not necessarily reveal this average trend. Datasets which contain both C(T) and SE(B) specimens may generate T_o results which fall between the T_o values calculated using solely C(T) or SE(B) specimens. It is therefore strongly recommended that the specimen type be reported along with the derived T_o value in all reporting, analysis, and discussion of results. This recommended reporting is in addition to the requirements in 11.1.1.

1.4 Requirements are set on specimen size and the number of replicate tests that are needed to establish acceptable characterization of K_Jc data populations.

1.5 T_o is dependent on loading rate. T_o is evaluated for a quasi-static loading rate range with 0.1< dK/dt< 2 MPa√m/s. Slowly loaded specimens (dK/dt< 0.1 MPa√m) can be analyzed if environmental effects are known to be negligible. Provision is also made for higher loading rates (dK/dt> 2 MPa√m/s) in Annex A1.

1.6 The statistical effects of specimen size on K_Jc in the transition range are treated using the weakest-link theory (4) applied to a three-parameter Weibull distribution of fracture toughness values. A limit on K_Jc values, relative to the specimen size, is specified to ensure high constraint conditions along the crack front at fracture. For some materials, particularly those with low strain hardening, this limit may not be sufficient to ensure that a single-parameter (K_Jc) adequately describes the crack-front deformation state (5).

1.7 Statistical methods are employed to predict the transition toughness curve and specified tolerance bounds for 1T specimens of the material tested. The standard deviation of the data distribution is a function of Weibull slope and median K_Jc. The procedure for applying this information to the establishment of transition temperature shift determinations and the establishment of tolerance limits is prescribed.

1.8 This test method assumes that the test material is macroscopically homogeneous such that the materials have uniform tensile and toughness properties. The fracture toughness evaluation of nonuniform materials is not amenable to the statistical analysis methods employed in the main body of this test method. Application of the analysis of this test method to an inhomogeneous material will result in an inaccurate estimate of the transition reference value T_o and non-conservative confidence bounds. For example, multipass weldments can create heat-affected and brittle zones with localized properties that are quite different from either the bulk material or weld. Thick section steels also often exhibit some variation in properties near the surfaces. Metallography and initial screening may be necessary to verify the applicability of these and similarly graded materials. An appendix to analyze the cleavage toughness properties of nonuniform or inhomogeneous materials is currently being prepared. In the interim, users are referred to (6-8) for procedures to analyze inhomogeneous materials.

1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.